NAME:
LAB SECTION:
Geology 143 - History of Life; Exam I Fall 2003
Total Number of Questions = 25
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1. The first three periods of the Paleozoic era are ____.
A. Triassic, Jurassic, Cretaceous
B. Hadean, Faustian, Gregorian
C. Priscoan, Archean, Proterozoic
D. Biassic, Triassic, Cretaceous
E. Cambrian, Ordovician, Silurian
2. The Mesozoic Era ____.
A. began approximately 245 to 251 million years ago
B. is the period of Earth history represented in the fossil record
mainly by stromatolites
C. is the period of Earth history for which no rocks are preserved
D. was the time of first occurrence for multicellular animal fossils
E. began approximately 543 million years ago
3. The creeping pathway made by an ancient shrimp preserved
in mudstone provides an example of a(n) ____.
A. body fossil
B. trace fossil
C. chemical fossil
D. none of the above
4. The study of Biocomplexity includes ____.
A. bacteria
B. plants
C. atmosphere
D. all of the above and others
5. "Life" is defined by ____.
A. cellular design
B. self-regulation
C. A and B
D. B but not A
6. Which statement about the fossil record is CORRECT?
A. The vast majority of species that ever existed are preserved
as fossils.
B. The fossil record is incomplete, but all groups of organisms
are equally represented.
C. The fossil record is incomplete; disparities in fossilization
among groups are due purely to chance.
D. The fossil record is incomplete; disparities in fossilization
among groups are due to differences in construction (presence
and nature of hard parts) and habitat.
E. The fossil record is incomplete; disparities in fossilization
among groups are for reasons that are unknown.
7. With regard to the fossil record, "hard parts"
are ____.
A. any parts of an organism that can scratch glass
B. the parts of an organism that are hardest to find
C. any structures, such as fingernails, that are not fleshy in
texture
D. organism external and internal skeletons
8. Molds and impressions are best formed and preserved in ____.
A. coarse mud-free sands
B. sand-free muds
C. river gravels
D. limestone
E. B and D
9. The Universal Tree of Life contains ____.
A. 3 Kingdoms
B. 4 Kingdoms
C. 5 Kingdoms
D. 6 Kingdoms
E. 7 Kingdoms
10. The most abundant living organisms on Earth are ____.
A. Mollusca
B. Brachiopoda
C. Bacteria
D. Echinodermata
E. Arthropoda
11. The 16S rRNA gene ____.
A. can be used to measure evolutionary distance
B. is absent in most organisms
C. has changed a lot through geological time
D. is an poor evolutionary chronometer
E. is not used in studies of the history of life
12. Of the three types of rocks, the majority of fossils
are found in _____.
A. igneous rocks
B. metamorphic rocks
C. sedimentary rocks
13. The correct order of three of the taxonomic groupings is
_____.
A. Phylum, Kingdom, Species
B. Family, Species, Genus
C. Phylum, Class, Order
D. Class, Species, Family
14. Fungi are _____ while Plantae are _____.
A. autotrophs; autotrophs
B. hetrotrophs; autotrophs
C. heterotrophs; heterotrophs
D. carnivores; omnivores
15. Organisms require _____.
A. food
B. tolerable physical conditions
C. constant and efficient predation pressure
D. A and B
16. A delicate sessile benthic suspension feeder would do well
in environments with _____.
A. high amounts of suspended sediments
B. clear water
C. high velocity waters
17. The final stage of food webs in which nutrients are re-delivered
to the environment is caused by _____.
A. carnivore activity
B. parasite activity
C. bacteria activity
D. A and C
18. _____ and _____ exert the overall greatest control on the
distribution of earth surface organisms.
A. predation; mutation
B. temperature and climate
C. light and climate
D. human activity and rainfall
E. none of the above
19. The two greatest extinction events in earth history are
associated with _____.
A. sun spots
B. meteor impacts
C. mountain building
D. radiation events
E. volcanic eruptions
20. Sedimentary rocks in uplifted and overturned mountain belt
systems _____.
A. probably will follow the Principle of Superposition
B. probably will not follow the Principle of Superposition
C. probably will not follow the Principle of Lateral Continuity
D. A and C
E. B and C
21. Which statement about our knowledge of the structure and
diversity of life on earth is FALSE?
A. We have known the structure of life for 100 years.
B. Bacteria evolved before eukarya.
C. It contains DNA-RNA-protein pathways.
D. It is built upon cellular structure.
E. It is sensitive to environmental changes.
22. The Phanerozoic Eon contains the following eras:.
A. Cenozoic
B. Paleozoic
C. Mesozoic
D. A and C
23. _____ have the best probability of becoming preserved in
the sedimentary fossil record.
A. sessile epifauna
B. vagile infauna
C. vagile epifauna
D. tiered nekton
E. tiered plankton
24. True of False: Communities are composed of individuals of
a single type of species co-existing in an environment
25. True or False: Oxygenation of the earth's atmosphere occurred
within the last 0.5 billion years and was caused by photosynthetic
bacteria.